Bullying and How to Support Children

Bullying has become an increasing concern over the past decade, and it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish between harmless teasing and true bullying. Many children experience teasing from friends or siblings, and when it is mutual, lighthearted, and genuinely funny to both parties, it is usually not harmful. However, teasing becomes bullying when it turns hurtful, unkind, and persistent. When this happens, it is important for caring adults to step in.

Bullying occurs when peers intentionally use physical, verbal, or psychological behaviors to cause harm or intimidation. It is often rooted in a real or perceived imbalance of power between the child doing the bullying and the child being targeted.

Forms of bullying can include:

• hitting, shoving, or physical intimidation
  
• name-calling, mocking, or threats
  
• shunning or deliberate exclusion
  
• spreading rumors or manipulating social groups
• using social media, texting, or other digital tools to embarrass or harass

Understanding these behaviors helps caregivers recognize when additional support or intervention is needed.

Supporting a child who may be experiencing bullying requires sensitivity, reassurance, and thoughtful guidance. The following approaches can help:

1. Listen calmly and offer comfort. Children may hesitate to share their experiences because they feel ashamed, embarrassed, or afraid adults will overreact. A calm presence helps them feel safe and supported.
2. Affirm their courage for speaking up. Let the child know they did the right thing by telling someone. Remind them they are not alone and that you will work together to decide what to do next.
3. Explore practical solutions. Help the child consider strategies such as:
   1. seeking help from a trusted adult nearby
   2. calmly and clearly telling the bully to stop, then walking away
   3. talking with a teacher, school counselor, or another trusted person

These tools can help empower the child and reduce fear or helplessness.

Bullying can deeply affect a child’s self-esteem. Encourage them to spend time with peers who are kind, supportive, and uplifting. Activities like sports, clubs, or creative programs help build confidence, friendships, and a sense of belonging.

It can also be helpful to end each day by focusing on positive moments—what went well, what they are thankful for, or what they are looking forward to.

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